Date: Wed, 11 Feb 1998 11:01:15 -0500 (EST)
From: John Hammell <jham@concentric.net>
Subject: ALERT:Health Threat from Biological Weapons by U.S. Military
This information is from http://physlab.web2010.com/bio/bw.htm
Please visit the site and follow the links contained within the text below
for additional information. We are by no means being told the truth about
what is happening with regards to Iraq by the mass media. We are all being
led like lambs to the slaughter. After you view the site listed above,
be sure to also visit http://ww.tetrahedron.org
to learn more about how we are being lied to on a grand scale.
If you haven't yet stocked up with emergency food, water, gas masks,
medical supplies (including potassium iodate tablets, the only known
chemical which will prevent the thyroid from absorbing Iodine (radioiodine)
following a nuclear blast visit www.logoplex.com/resources/mom
Now there is proof that the U.S. military
does biological warfare research. The smoking arsenal showed up in
studies of Gulf War Illness. Molecular biologists found that some
of the afflicted persons contained mycoplasma bacteria which
were genetically engineered. As the researchers stated, no one would
be doing genetic engineering with mycoplasma for any other purpose than
biowarfare. The origins could only be illegal research by the U.S. military.
Mycoplasma is a genus of unusual
bacteria which are one tenth the size of other bacteria and devoid of normal
cell walls. The natural ones have moderate pathogenicity and contagiousness,
localizing in a variety of organs and being transmitted through all usual
routes including the air,
body fluids and sex. Since they are being altered through biowarfare
research, it is hard to say anymore which ones are natural.
Biological warfare is researched at a
large and expanding complex called Ft. Detrick Maryland. In 1968,
it had 450 structures, and construction is still booming. The facilities
are supposedly used for cancer research, since biowarfare research became
illegal, first through Geneva Accords in 1969, and then a presidential
directive in 1970. Considering how little is accomplished with cancer research,
to claim that Ft. Detrick is used for that purpose is like saying coolaid
is made in a swimming pool.
An example of their work was displayed
in Cuba recently, as a small plane from
the U.S. dropped insect larva on a potato field, which killed the crop
and spread to others. The response from U.S. authorities was that the plane
was not emitting insect larva but smoke which had the purpose of signaling
its presence to an airliner. Have you ever heard of small planes emitting
smoke to signal airliners?
The molecular biologists described their
findings thusly:
The type
of mycoplasma we identified was highly unusual and it almost certainly
could not occur naturally. It has one gene from the HIV-1 virus - - but
only one gene. This meant it was almost certainly an artificially modified
microbe - - altered purposely by scientists to make them more pathogenic
and more difficult to detect.
Thus these
soldiers were not infected with the HIV-1 virus, because the virus cannot
replicate with only one HIV-1 envelope gene that we detected.
Interestingly,
the specific DNA sequence that we detected encodes a protein that, when
expressed on the surface of the mycoplasma, would enable any mycoplasma
to bind to many cell types in the body, and even enter those cells.
Thus this
genetic manipulation could render a relatively benign mycoplasma much more
invasive and pathogenic and capable of attacking many organ and tissue
systems of the body.
Such findings
suggest that the mycoplasmas that we have found in Gulf War veterans are
not naturally occurring organisms, or to be more specific, they were probably
genetically modified or 'engineered' to be more invasive and pathogenic,
or quite simply, more potent biological weapons.
Gulf war illness is varied and shows
evidence of being caused by several biological and chemical weapons.
The biological agents are somewhat contagious often being spread to veterans'
family members or researchers. An antibiotic has been effective for some
forms.
One cause appears to be a vaccine that
all coalition troops were required to take except for a small control group.
The fragment of AIDS virus in mycoplasma causes some persons to assume
that the injections were a test of an experimental AIDS vaccine. However,
the viral fragment may have the purpose of making the mycoplasma more virulent.
It seems unlikely that an AIDS vaccine would be tested on the battlefield
or that the military would concern itself with an AIDS vaccine.
Iraq has never had the slightest ability
to research biological weapons. Not only is the science too demanding,
but keeping pathogens contained while researching them requires special
isolation procedures. Instead, Iraq acquired the bugs from the U.S. before
the Gulf War began, and its laboratories do little more than package them.
In looking for a rationale in the biowarfare
research, it is not highly apparent. But it wouldn't be. Persons who have
such a mind frame are not really trying to solve anyone's problems; they
are expressing a pathological lust for mutilation.
The Nazis demonstrated the characteristics
of the pathology in pretending to do research through every imaginable
form of human mutilation. Do you think the Nazis came out of nowhere and
disappeared into nowhere? They weren't laboratory products, unless the
Huns were way ahead
of everyone else with genetic engineering. The pathology which the
Nazis demonstrated is rampant in all societies and only needs an outlet
to be expressed. Doing illegal research on death technology, accountable
to no one, is a guaranteed outlet for it. Add billions of dollars to it,
and it is a threat to civilization.
There are also indications that another
of their products is compliance drugs, which they use on uncooperative
political figures. There has been an invariable pattern of foreign political
figures, who speak out against U.S. demands, going to Washington and returning
without their minds intact. They not only succumb to U.S. pressure
babbling yes, yes, yes, they become nonfunctional in their own environment,
where they once were dynamic persons.
It appears that the compliance drugs
act by destroying mental functions. Without a well functioning mind, a
person is subdued and cannot create significant opposition. During the
sixties, when such research was being discussed, it was following those
lines.
The evidence indicates that the U.S.
military created the Gulf War for the purpose of testing its modern weapons
including the biological ones. The strongest evidence is in the results.
Nothing else was accomplished.
Every related decision which the U.S.
military made has been a gift on a gold platter for Saddam Hussein and
a great expense for everyone else including the lower classes in Iraq,
the American public and the veterans. Considering that Saddam Hussein was
on the best of terms with U.S.
authorities prior to the Gulf War and would have been getting covert
military assistance in the war with Iran, there was apparently a conspiracy
between him and the U.S. military in creating the Gulf War and the continuing
war mongering over the result.
The six year inspection charade indicates
the same thing, as does the shooting down of two helicopters full of dignitaries.
A large number of circumstances, coincidences and violated rules indicate
that the pilots were told to shoot down the helicopters,and the AWACS plane
was told to
stay away. The result was not supposed to have been possible otherwise.
It's all designed for deniability.But the genetic engineered
mycoplasma shows what the truth is.
If proof is supposed to be diseases out
of control, society doesn't have long to wait.
By G.E. Novak
an independent mushroom researcher.
Related Science Corruptions.
A Biologist's Perspective
Home Page
Anthrax
Botulism
Mycoplasma
more anthrax
more mycopl
dark cellars
links
Propaganda from the dark cellars of government is pushed through the media misinforming the public on biological weapons including anthrax. To sway the public for increased police powers, a domestic terrorist threat is contrived, while military research on contagious diseases is concealed.
Proof of Bio-warfare.
Now there is proof that the U.S. military does biological warfare research. The smoking gun showed up in studies of Gulf War Illness. Molecular biologists found that some of the afflicted persons contained mycoplasma bacteria which were genetically engineered. As the researchers stated, no one would be doing genetic engineering with mycoplasma for any other purpose than bio-warfare. The origins could only be illegal research by the U.S. military.
Mycoplasma are Minute Bacteria.
Mycoplasma is a genus of unusual bacteria which are one tenth the size of other bacteria and devoid of normal cell walls. The natural ones have moderate pathogenicity and contagiousness, localizing in a variety of organs and being transmitted through all usual routes including the air, body fluids and sex. Since they are being altered through bio-warfare research, it is hard to say anymore which ones are natural.
Bio-warfare is Researched at Ft. Detrick.
Biological warfare is researched at a large and expanding complex called Ft. Detrick Maryland. In 1968, it had 450 structures, and construction is still booming. The facilities are supposedly used for cancer research, since bio-warfare research became illegal, first through Geneva Accords in 1969, and then a presidential directive in 1970. Considering how little is accomplished with cancer research, to claim that Ft. Detrick is used for that purpose is like saying coolaid is made in a swimming pool.
Insect Larva were Dropped on Cuba.
An example of their work was displayed in Cuba recently, as a small plane from the U.S. dropped insect larva on a potato field, which killed the crop and spread to others. The response from U.S. authorities was that the plane was not emitting insect larva but smoke which had the purpose of signaling its presence to an airliner. Have you ever heard of small planes emitting smoke to signal airliners?
Molecular Biology Showed Gene Alteration.
The molecular biologists described their findings thusly:
The type of mycoplasma we identified was highly unusual and it almost certainly could not occur naturally. It has one gene from the HIV-1 virus - - but only one gene. This meant it was almost certainly an artificially modified microbe - - altered purposely by scientists to make them more pathogenic and more difficult to detect.
Thus these soldiers were not infected with the HIV-1 virus, because the virus cannot replicate with only one HIV-1 envelope gene that we detected.
Interestingly, the specific DNA sequence that we detected encodes a protein that, when expressed on the surface of the mycoplasma, would enable any mycoplasma to bind to many cell types in the body, and even enter those cells.
Thus this genetic manipulation could render a relatively benign mycoplasma much more invasive and pathogenic and capable of attacking many organ and tissue systems of the body.
Such findings suggest that the mycoplasmas that we have found in Gulf War veterans are not naturally occurring organisms, or to be more specific, they were probably genetically modified or 'engineered' to be more invasive and pathogenic, or quite simply, more potent biological weapons.
Wrath of Government Unleashed on Researchers.
For this work, the researchers incurred the wrath of the government including much harassment and intimidation.
Agents Associated with Gulf War Illness.
Gulf war illness is varied and shows evidence of being caused by several biological and chemical weapons. The biological agents are somewhat contagious often being spread to veterans' family members or researchers. An antibiotic has been effective for some forms.
One cause of Gulf War Illness appears to be injections which all coalition troops were required to take except for a small control group. Recent chemical evidence show that the troops were inoculated with a test substance.
Iraq has never had the slightest ability to research biological weapons. Not only is the science too demanding, but keeping pathogens contained while researching them requires special isolation procedures. Instead, Iraq acquired the organisms from the U.S. before the Gulf War began, and its laboratories do little more than package them.
There is not a Logic for Bio-warfare.
In looking for a rationale in the bio-warfare research, it is not highly apparent. But it wouldn't be. Persons who have such a mind frame are not really trying to solve anyone's problems; they are expressing a pathological lust for mutilation.
The Nazis demonstrated the characteristics of the pathology in pretending to do research through every imaginable form of human mutilation. Do you think the Nazis came out of nowhere and disappeared into nowhere? They weren't laboratory products, unless the Huns were way ahead of everyone else with genetic engineering. The pathology which the Nazis demonstrated is rampant in all societies and only needs an outlet to be expressed. Doing illegal research on death technology, accountable to no one, is a guaranteed outlet for it. Add billions of dollars to it, and it is a threat to civilization.
It's all designed for deniability, but the genetic engineered mycoplasma shows what the truth is. Proof
Book on Gulf War Illness:
Bringing the War Home. William Thomas. 1998.
Amazon.Com
McAlvany Intelligence Advisor.
A Biologist's Perspective.
Propaganda from the dark cellars of government is pushed through the media misinforming the public on biological weapons including anthrax. To sway the public for increased police powers, a domestic terrorist threat is contrived, while military research on contagious diseases is concealed.
From the dark cellars of government, bureaucrats have been waging a disinformation campaign through the media for several years trying to convince the public that there is a domestic terrorist threat in this country.
For example, a news weekly listed each of the supposed terrorist weapons and the cost of producing them. For $10-20,000, terrorists could supposedly kill hundreds of thousands of persons with botulism toxin, anthrax, nerve gas, etc. "60 Minutes" said biological weapons could be produced in someone's back yard in a five gallon bucket. They said anthrax spores released from a boat on the Hudson River could kill four hundred thousand persons in New York City.
Here's the truth of the matter. Anthrax will never be used successfully as a terrorist weapon, and probably never as a military weapon. It has to be converted to spores suspended in the air, which is technically very difficult; and the lethality is nowhere's near the terror that it is made out to be. Wool sorters inhale anthrax spores in small quantities continually, and only if they get a large dose does an infection get started.
Anthrax is a livestock pathogen. There are anthrax spores in the ground in rural areas, because they survive for about twenty years. They normally have no effect upon humans, because a few anthrax spores cannot create an infection, and they do not come up from the ground in large quantities.
Anthrax is what's called a "gram positive" bacterium. This means it has the type of cell walls which are good and nutritious, unlike the cell walls of "gram negative" bacteria, which attack tissue. Therefore, anthrax can only attack tissue by producing a special toxin which it excretes. One cell or spore does not produce enough toxin to shake a stick at.
Studies have apparently determined that, typically, ten thousand anthrax spores must be inhaled to start an infection. That number might be someone's guess, but it is in line with the biology of the disease. It is the number which the military uses.
Anthrax normally attacks the lungs, because it must lodge in vulnerable tissue. It can invade through other routes such as cuts or undercooked meat, but it only does so under third world conditions, and those routes are not relevant to biowarfare. It is not significantly contagious.
Livestock eat from the ground, so they have their faces in the ground where the spores are, and they can inhale ten thousand spores. How does anyone get ten thousand spores into the lungs of humans?
The first requirement would be to aerosolize the spores. The spores would have to be converted to a dry powder, because a liquid would create globs which would fall to the ground rather than staying suspended in the air. To create a powder, the spores would first have to be washed several times in an array of very large and expensive centrifuges. Then a drying apparatus would have to be used; and it would require spraying a mist into a vacuum, which is how powders are created from liquids. Otherwise, everything globs up into hard rocks.
How do workers clean the equipment without getting spores everywhere? A likely procedure would be to enclose the equipment in a pressure chamber and steam sterilize it for several days. Such an operation costs hundreds of millions of dollars, considering related facilities and development. Only countries do that, not radical groups, and not in five gallon buckets.
Even free spores would fall to the ground rapidly in the absence of wind. For example, lead from auto exhaust mostly falls near a highway, and it is in much smaller particles than bacterial spores. In the presence of wind, spores would be carried away rapidly and would not stay in one place long enough for anyone to get more than a few inhaled.
Once the spores were on the ground, they would not affect humans significantly, because they would not come up from the ground in large enough quantities.
There is some talk about using liquids with fogging devices for dispersion of biological agents such as anthrax. It's not realistic. First, there is no mention of the purity that would be required to prevent globbing and plugging of nozzles. At least, a lot of expensive centrifuging would be required to remove debris. Then agricultural spraying demonstrates that the mist drops rapidly to the ground. Otherwise, it could not affect the crops. Humans do not have leaves for absorbing a descending mist. Also, it takes a lot of time to spray a good sized area, even with an airplane.
A common implication is that a germ released anyplace will kill someone someplace. That's fantasy. A chemical mist is different, because chemicals vaporize, while cells do not. Cells in a mist would clump together as the liquid vaporizes. To create free spores would require very clean material, high dilution, ultra fine mist and a vacuum for rapid evaporation. Foggers can't do the same thing.
For these reasons, anthrax would be difficult to use; and it could hardly kill more than a few hundred persons under the most ideal conditions, not the hundreds of thousands which are claimed. On top of that, antibiotics are effective for it during the early stage of the illness. It is not contagious for humans.
Innumerable journalists have been insisting that anthrax can be produced in a simple laboratory with little expertise. To the contrary, no countries but the U.S. and Russia can convert anthrax to a usable weapon. Iraq cannot.
Consider what the journalists fail to recognize. Growing a large quantity of anthrax would result in a fermenter full of slop which is extremely slimy and viscous with large amounts of debris and metabolic products mixed with the nutrient medium. That slop has to be washed and converted to a medium which will induce spores to form. Much research and knowledge would be required to get a reasonable yield of spores. Then the cells would have to be fragmented with something like a blender to get the spores out of the cells. Then much differential centrifugation would be required to separate the spores from the debris. Then spray drying of spores in a vacuum would be required.
Accomplishing all of that would require several Ph.Ds. and much developmental type research in addition to expensive equipment and a very large building. It isn't a matter of growing something in a kettle and pouring it into a rocket, as journalists and weapons inspectors seem to be assuming.
Journalists keep mentioning how many anthrax spores can be gotten onto the head of a pin. It's not a question of how many can be gotten onto the head of a pin but how many can be gotten into someone's lungs.
A scenario which is often mentioned is that someone might use a plane to dust a large city with anthrax during the night. It's idiocy. First, no one in buildings would be harmed by anthrax. The few spores that entered buildings would settle on surfaces, and few would enter the air, and even fewer would be inhaled. At most, someone might inhale a few dozen spores per hour. That's not the ten thousand that are needed. Furthermore, planes cannot cover much area in a large city with a few pounds of anything. A few dozen persons might be killed, but that's not the terror that is being hyped in the media. And more than anything, nobody is producing the spores in powder form but the U.S. and Russia.
Saddam Hussein is said to have produced anthrax. If so, the reason is because it is stable and easy to handle, not because it is effective when used. Iraq is unsophisticated to a point of ineptness in its approach to biological weapons.
It is said that Iraq uses anthrax in liquid form and puts it in missiles in liquid form. In liquid form, anthrax is almost as safe as cotton candy. Therefore, Iraq poses no anthrax threat.
For about a billion dollars, Iraq could probably get enough experts together to develop anthrax as a weapon. But the reason why it doesn't is that it already knows that anthrax would be next to worthless after it was developed. At most, they could only kill about 100 persons per bomb in very crowded places, which would result in retaliation.
Biological warfare is a flawed concept. The only route usually considered is airborne, because bombs and missiles create the delivery system. There is no disease in existence which is propagated in that manner. Even the airborne diseases require close contact with the source. The reason is because wind disperses the agents too thinly, and gravity brings them down too rapidly. Increasing the quantities massively will get a few persons, but only a few.
And then, very few of the diseases which are mentioned as biowarfare agents are suitable for airborne dissemination. Brucellosis is not. It is disseminated through body fluids. Plague is not. It is carried by insects from the blood of one animal to another. The insects do not pick it up from the ground.
Biowarfare is promoted through a combination of stupidity and propaganda. The researchers, who should know better and often do, are getting paid to produce the agents, so they do not want to admit the futility of it. The nonresearchers cannot realistically evaluate the claims, and they have propaganda motives. They want to militarize society, and scare tactics go a long ways in that direction.
The only way biological warfare agents can be used in a significant manner to create disease is to inject them into the victims. If they are then contagious, they go a lot farther. The U.S. military has been focusing on contagious diseases. Since the water runs downhill in that direction, the agents are or will be used in that manner. With the motives for population control which the military has acquired, it can be expected to use its bio agents in that manner.
The point here is not that large countries cannot make a lot of persons miserable with biological weapons. It's that the small countries and terrorists cannot do so on their own; and it cannot be done as described in the media, where a large number of persons are killed rapidly in some magical way.
Therefore, the government is not protecting society from some problem; it's the government that's creating the problem.
There should not be any doubt any more that the U.S. government underworld instigated the Oklahoma bombing. Their apparent purpose was to frame the "citizen militias" while swaying the public toward their police state mentality based on a supposed domestic terrorist threat.
One indication is their cover-up including intimidation and what appears to be murder of opponents. There are a large number of specifics of the same nature. The details are described on the web site which is linked below.
Botulism | Mycoplasma | Iraq
more anthrax | prions and junk science | dark cellars of government | more mycoplasma | Email
The entire executive branch of government operates in secret. The bureaucrats only allow the public to know what they want it to know, which isn't much.
It is a truism that organized human activity can only produce corruption under the darkness of concealment. Constructivity cannot occur under such conditions, because truth and justice require openness and accountability. There has to be external feedback including criticism just to determine what truth is.
At the same time, corruption is reinforced by the ability to collaborate and coerce without the objective standards that external accountability creates. Over time, a distillation process occurs, where corrupted persons surround themselves with like minded persons and shove out anyone who doesn't support the corruption.
Two examples tell the story very thoroughly. When the FBI lab was proven to be falsifying and corrupting their results, they and the rest of the executive branch continued to degrade the whistle blower for not being a team player.
Secondly, when the president embarked upon a course of action to assist democracy in Haiti, the CIA blocked the initial response by inciting a crowd of rabble rousers on a dock, which forced a ship carrying U.S. inspectors to turn back. After a few weeks of realignment, the CIA took the unprecedented step of making a public pronouncement. They said they do not create policy but only carry out the policy of the administration. Why did they have to tell us? The CIA has always had its own agenda, which is basically to suppress the third world by putting oppressive dictators in power. (CIA history) Why does it have that agenda? Because that's what the darkness of concealment produces. It allows bigots to develop a social force in conflict with the open policies of the government.
What it demonstrates is that there is a government underworld with its own agenda which is in conflict with the open policies of the government. Its motives are corrupted being an outlet for bigotry, and steeped in jealousy, strife and all other elements of corruption.
It is out of that abyss that comes biowarfare research and its disinformation campaign.
Prions are proteins which supposedly cause Mad Cow Disease and variants such as Scrapies. The claim that a protein can do the same thing as infectious agents is in conflict with all scientific principles involved.
It seems obvious, and in line with much evidence, that the cause of those diseases is a virus which abandoned its protein coat and functions as pure genetic material, which gives it resistance to exposure in the environment. The virus appears to have evolved from rabies.
Mad Cow Disease has the appearance of being genetically engineered, since it lost its usual degree of species specificity. In other words, it jumped species from sheep to cattle and from cattle to humans. However, this property may have resulted from speeded up evolution due to recycling of carcasses as livestock feed.
Scrapies is a disease that destroys the brains of sheep but does not normally affect humans. The causative agent was looked for but never found.
In 1957, a variant of Scrapies was found to affect some human cannibals in New Guinea. The persons who ate the brains of their ancestors acquired the disease; others did not. So the disease was apparently promoted by eating brains.
A few years ago, cattle in England acquired a variant of the disease. The precipitating factor was assumed to be the feeding of dead livestock back to livestock.
Soon, a few humans started acquiring the disease presumably from eating the meat of diseased cows. At that point, all cattle in England were slaughtered to protect the humans. There was said to be no evidence of it spreading to U.S.A.
Therefore, it was incumbent upon the scientists to explain the cause. No virus could be found, but a protein was being produced in the brains of the victims. So the protein was said to be the cause of the disease; and it was called a prion.
Supposedly, a protein flips to an alternative configuration, while its primary structure (which means the sequence of amino acids in the chain) stays the same. But it can only flip when another one which has flipped influences it. So once the flipping gets started, it keeps going; but it can only be started (usually) from a previously flipped protein, which acts like the causative agent of the disease. Strangely, it is supposed to stay in the flipped configuration while it spreads from animal to animal.
Of course, every respectable scientist initially said that the such a theory was absurd. Eventually, the opposition was neutralized, and the absurd became fact. Recently, one of them got the Nobel Prize for the theory.
This is relativity all over again. For several years everyone said relativity was absurd. Now, no one is allowed to say so. I used to say that corruptions that large could only exist in physics; they had to come in smaller pieces in biology. Prions proved me wrong; corruptions can come in very large and absurd pieces in biology also.
In terms of evolution, prions defy all of the principles. Since the prion is a protein which is coded by the DNA of the victim, it means that the disease is supposedly a product of the evolution of the victim.
Evolution does not work that way. It can only progress toward improvements, not self destruction. There are problems along the way, but they are not promoted by the evolution. Therefore, prions require a new concept which says a disease results from the chance characteristics of a protein, while no evolution is involved in the disease elements of the protein's existence. Yet the chance disease has characteristics similar to other diseases including its ability to destroy the victim and the ability to be transmitted through the environment.
Another problem with the prion etiology is that proteins are not that way. They do not have accidental characteristics; and they do not change configurations unless very demanding functions require it, which requires some very demanding evolution.
On top of that, proteins do not change the configurations of proteins. On top of that, the probability of a changed configuration having just the right characteristics to perform any function is zero. And on top of that, if it could perform a function at all, the probability of that function creating itself is zero. All of those chance probabilities add up to zero times zero times zero times zero, while there is no evolution to improve the odds.
In contrast is the virus theory. Scrapies-like diseases including Mad Cow Disease appear to be caused by viruses without a protein coat.
Virology 101 says that a virus consists of two main parts: genetic material and a protein coat. Virology 201 says that the protein coat is only used for dissemination and invasion; and some things can happen without it. AIDS shows that a lot can happen without it.
With AIDS, the protein coat is almost always hard to find and sometimes impossible to find. The reason is because the genetic material takes over cells and does its damage without the protein coat. That type of infection is slow and insidious.
When researchers look for a virus, they must look for the protein coat, because the genetic material becomes invisible. New methods are being developed for detecting the genetic material, but they are still quite limited.
What the cannibals in New Guinea indicated is that the disease can be transmitted without its protein coat, when brains are eaten. (The protein coat or antibodies resulting from it were not found.)
Additional evidence that eating allows direct transmission without the protein coat is in tests which show that the causative agent in brains is highly resistant to degradation through heat or disinfectants. Strangely, those results are presented as if they support the prion theory. They do the opposite. Proteins are quite susceptible to degradation, while genetic material is more resistant.
This evidence indicates that the origin of the Scrapies-like diseases is an offshoot of the Rabies virus which gave up its protein coat for greater survivability in the environment.
Viruses are normally transmitted through body fluids, because their protein coats will not survive desiccation. By contrast, Scrapies will survive on grass for several years and then infect sheep which eat the grass.
Rabies attacks the brain in such a way as to alter behavior. It causes madness and salivation, so the virus can be spread through saliva. Scrapies and Mad Cow Disease show similarities in terms of altered behavior and drooling. The drooling apparently causes the infective agent to accumulate on grass.
The difference is that Rabies must be spread by direct attack upon the victim, because the viruses deteriorates rapidly in the environment, while Scrapies-like diseases only require that the food be contaminated, because they gave up the protein coat for pure genetic material which survives in the environment.
The absence of a protein coat would have several advantages. One is that the immune system of the victim could not detect the entity or respond to it. Another advantage is greater resistance to adverse environments, which is indicated by Scrapies-like entities. Their unusual resistance points to an absence of protein.
The disadvantage in lacking a protein coat is that infectivity is largely passive. The entity must end up in the right places through chance. The Scrapies-like diseases seem to point toward this feature also, since ingestion with food appears to be the primary mode of transmission.
With such characteristics, recycling dead carcasses through rendering plants and feeding them back to livestock was an ideal way to spread Scrapies. That process apparently created a rapid evolution of Scrapies causing it to become infective for cattle; and since species specificity was changing, a degree of infectivity for humans was apparently acquired in an incidental manner.
Junk Science.
Modern science is deteriorating into junk science. The main reason is because high technology increases vagaries pushing objectivity and standards farther out of the reach of practical considerations.
At the same time, high tech is glitzy and exploitable. Therefore, the scientists who have the lowest standards jump on it and use it most uninhibitedly.
On top of that, the bureaucrats promote high tech and glitzy science at the expense of better quality science. To a large extent, they don't know any better. They think glitz is quality in science. There is also a lot of money and power in high technology. You can guess what they do to bureaucracies.
Prions supposedly creating Scrapies-like diseases demonstrates junk science at its highest development. The prion theory is like proving that one and one equals three.
The proponents of the prion theory are rationalizers. They supposedly have every angle covered - establishing this, and establishing that. To nonscientists, they might appear to have everything nailed down. But it's all a bunch of muddle. Every test is portrayed as if it produced some objective fact. But objective fact is extremely illusive with high tech science.
The problem with high tech science is that the more complex and demanding the test is, the more difficult accounting for and measuring all of the factors which influence the result is. Therefore, numerous assumptions and guesses have to replace measured results.
For example, if a mutation or altered gene is created through insertion, a test might indicate whether the mutation exists, with various degrees of certainty, but tests cannot determine how many other alterations occurred with it, because there are too many genes to test at too great of an expense.
If a lot of time and money is focused on a subject, and a lot of low tech is included, then high tech can add something to science. But modern science is more of a hit and run procedure. Seldom is there enough time, money or commitment to develop a subject well.
With prions, the research skips from point to point failing to develop any point well enough to get at the truth.
As the vagaries have been increasing in science, the standards have been decreasing. The use of statistics is an example. Fifty years ago, statistics would only be allowed in science under the most strict conditions, because there are so many unaccounted for factors involved. Nowdays, statistics are usually required with all quantitation in spite of the standards being defied. The sample size is almost always inadequate.
This criticism may appear to be so much contention, but prions show what it all adds up to, because they are a scientific impossibility which is supposedly established as fact, atleast in the minds of some persons.
One reason why the prion etiology is an impossibility is because evolution cannot create a contagious disease from the host's genetic material, and there are way too many complexities and incredibilities for random results. Therefore, there must be genetic material with the causative agent.
Another reason, which is well recognized, is that there are strains with the supposed prion diseases, and no credible theory exists as to how there can be strains without genetic material.
The pretense is that truth is stranger than fiction; and eventually, explanations will be found for the contradictions. The explanations, however, are plenty visible already. Junk science created the contradictions.
Another area where junk science has become developed is phylogenetics. It means taxonomy which is studied through molecules, usually DNA. A section of DNA is compared for several species, and then their evolutionary relationships are guessed at based on similarities and differences in patterns.
The results of such phylogenetic studies vary greatly from traditional taxonomy. But instead of saying phylogenetics is not precise, traditional taxonomy is being shoved aside and replaced with the phylogenetic results.
The problem with phylogenetics is that a small segment of DNA does not tell enough about an organism. It's like buying a house by looking at a photograph of one square inch of surface. The DNA segments have a lot of random and spurious variations in them which are not understood. So they are not a good indication of evolutionary history.
If a very large number of studies were conducted to compare the DNA of species, some important information could be gleaned. But phylogenetics is way too superficial for the conclusions that it is used for. In other words, it's more junk science.
It's important to realize that junk science is not peripheral. The real progress that was once being made in elucidating the characteristics of the Scrapies-like diseases has been suppressed by bureaucrats, and there is nothing left to the science of the subject but a subterfuge orienting around prions. And this is for a disease that could spread through the population through food for several years before any evidence is detected.
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